Non-invasive urine based tests for the detection of ...
2012-11-1 · Consequently, for the clinical purpose, there is a need to develop non-invasive urine based assays using authenticated diagnostic markers which can overcome the limitations offered by both cytoscopy and cytology.8, 9 An ideal biomarker should have high sensitivity and specificity and accurately detect bladder cancer.4, 5 Before applying a biomarker assay for the clinical use, it needs to address …
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